Teori Gestalt (Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Melalui Proses Pemahaman)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30736/atl.v5i1.450Keywords:
Teori Pembelajaran, Gestalt, Pemahaman.Abstract
Abstrak: Teori Gestalt memandang bahwa pembelajaran tidak hanya tentang rangsangan dan respon tetapi lebih pada pemahaman tentang suatu masalah yang mampu menarik kesimpulan baru yang berwawasan. Pencetus teori Gestalt termasuk Max Wetheimer, Wolfgang Kohler dan Kurt Kofka. Dalam teori Gestalt terdapat beberapa hukum yaitu hukum kedekatan, hukum ketertutupan dan hukum kesamaan. Diantara prinsip pembelajaran Gestalt adalah pembelajaran melalui wawasan (pemahaman), pembelajaran merupakan reorganisasi dari pengalaman, pembelajaran akan lebih berhasil bila sesuai dengan minat siswa. Sedangkan prinsip persepsi Gestalt termasuk prinsip kontinuitas dan hubungan figur-ground. Kekuatan teori Gestalt adalah anak mampu membangun suatu masalah menjadi pengetahuan atau pemahaman baru, namun teori Gestalt ini juga memiliki kelemahan, yakni teori Gestalt tidak bisa diterapkan pada maeri-materi tertentu.
Kata Kunci: Teori Pembelajaran, Gestalt, Pemahaman.
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Abstract: Gestalt theory views that learning is not only about stimuli and responses but rather about understanding a problem faced which is able to draw new insightful conclusions. Gestalt characters include Max Wetheimer, Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Kofka. In Gestalt theory, there are several laws, namely the law of closeness, the law of closure and the law of equality. Among the principles of Gestalt learning is that learning through insight (understanding), learning is a reorganization of experiences, learning will be more successful when it comes to interests. Meanwhile, the principles of Gestalt perception include the principle of continuity and Figure-ground relationship. The strength of Gestalt theory is that children are able to reconstruct a problem into new knowledge or understanding, however in the Gestalt theory has also the weaknesses that the gestalt theory cannot be applied to certain materials.
Keywords:Learning Theory, Gestalt, ComprehensionDownloads
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